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|Section2= |Section7= |Section8= }} Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride (POSF) is a synthetic perfluorinated compound with a sulfonyl fluoride functional group. It is used to make perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and PFOS-based compounds. These compounds have a variety of industrial and consumer uses, but POSF-derived substances ultimately degrade to form PFOS. Because of environmental concerns over PFOS, 3M ceased POSF use in 2002 and global production plummeted. However, Chinese production grew after 3M's phaseout. As of May 2009, POSF and PFOS are listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) included in Annex B of the Stockholm Convention. ==Production== In 1949, 3M began producing POSF by electrochemical fluorination (ECF). From 1966 to the 1990s, 3M production increased to meet demand for POSF-based compounds.〔 In 1999, 3M reported POSF was its most highly produced fluorochemical.〔(1999) 3M. 1999. The science of organic fluorochemistry. 3M Company, February 5, 1999. (PDF readily accessible via a google search for the article title.)〕 Before 2000, 3M was the largest global producer of POSF (mainly at their Decatur, AL and Antwerp facilities) and global production peaked at ~4500 tonnes per year.〔 In 1999, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency began investigating perfluorinated compounds after receiving data on the global distribution and toxicity of PFOS, the key ingredient in Scotchgard.〔Aziz Ullah. ("The Fluorochemical Dilemma: What the PFOS/PFOA fuss is all about" ) Cleaning & Restoration. www.ascr.org, (October, 2006). Accessed October 25, 2008.〕 For these reasons, and USEPA pressure, the primary American producer of PFOS, 3M, announced, in May 2000, the phaseout of the production of PFOS, PFOA, and PFOS-related products.〔3M: ("PFOS-PFOA Information: What is 3M Doing?" ) Accessed October 25, 2008.〕 3M stated that they would have made the same decision regardless of USEPA pressure. Immediately after the 2000–2002 3M phaseout, production plummeted, but dominant and growing production shifted to China. In 2004 Chinese production of PFOS-based compounds was estimated to be <50 tonnes.〔 In 2005 global production was estimated to be between 73–162 tonnes,〔(December 2006). 〕 and by 2006 Chinese production was estimated at >200 tonnes.〔 Total historical global production was estimated at ~120,000 tonnes in 2009.〔 "()ost, if not all" industrially synthesized perfluorooctanesulfonyl derivatives, such as PFOS, have POSF as their precursor.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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